Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of three copies of chromosome 18, instead of the normal two. It is a rare but serious condition that affects the development of the unborn baby.
Unfortunately, trisomy 18 cannot be prevented. This is because the extra chromosome 18 occurs as a random mistake during the formation of the egg or sperm cell, and this mistake cannot be predicted or prevented.
However, it is possible to identify the condition during pregnancy, as a result of prenatal screening tests such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. These tests can identify the extra chromosome 18 and confirm a diagnosis of trisomy 18.
It is also possible to identify families that may be at an increased risk of having a baby with trisomy 18. This is because the extra chromosome 18 can be inherited from a parent, and there is an increased risk of a baby with trisomy 18 if a parent has a balanced translocation involving chromosome 18. A genetic counsellor can provide further information on this.
In conclusion, while trisomy 18 cannot be prevented, it is possible to identify the condition during pregnancy and identify families at an increased risk of having a baby with trisomy 18.