Can androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) produce sperm? Generally, the answer is no. AIS is a condition in which a person is genetically male (XY) but the body does not respond to male hormones (androgens) in the usual way. In most cases, it results in the development of a female body type, even though the person has a Y chromosome.
In terms of the reproductive organs, most individuals with AIS have female genitalia, a uterus and fallopian tubes, and no testes. Since testes are the organs that produce sperm, it follows that individuals with AIS are not able to produce sperm. However, it is possible that a person with AIS could have an ovarian structure that produces sperm. This is known as ovotesticular disorder of sex development (OT-DSD), and it is very rare.
In some cases, a person with AIS may have testes that are present, but undeveloped. In rare cases, these testes may produce sperm, but it is not likely. Even if the testes are functioning, the person’s body may not be able to respond properly to the male hormones that are necessary for sperm production.
In summary, the answer to the question of whether AIS can produce sperm is generally no. However, in rare cases, it is possible that an individual with AIS may have functioning testes that are able to produce sperm.