Yes, alopecia can be treated, though the degree of success and the treatment options available depend on the type of alopecia that an individual is experiencing.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that is frequently treated with topical corticosteroids or intralesional injections, which help reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. In some cases, oral medications may be prescribed to further reduce inflammation and stop the immune system from attacking the hair follicles. Additionally, scalp massage, light therapy, and topical minoxidil may be used to stimulate hair growth.
Alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis are more severe forms of alopecia areata and can be more difficult to treat. In these cases, more aggressive treatments, such as oral steroids, may be necessary to achieve any type of success. Additionally, there are a number of other medications, such as immunosuppressants and biologics, that may be used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
Androgenetic alopecia, commonly referred to as male or female pattern baldness, is caused by genetic factors and cannot be cured. However, certain medications can be used to slow the progression of the condition and even encourage new hair growth. Finasteride and minoxidil are the two most commonly prescribed medications for this condition.
In addition to medication, lifestyle modifications may be necessary to improve hair health and encourage regrowth. This includes avoiding tight hairstyles, avoiding excessive heat styling, and using mild shampoos and conditioners. Additionally, eating a balanced diet and avoiding excessive stress can also help to improve hair health.