Yes, a pituitary tumor can cause thyroid problems. The pituitary gland is responsible for producing hormones that control many other glands in the body, including the thyroid gland. If a tumor develops in the pituitary, it can interfere with the production of these hormones, leading to a condition called hypopituitarism. This can cause a decrease in the amount of thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland, leading to fatigue, weight gain, depression, and other symptoms associated with hypothyroidism.
In some cases, a pituitary tumor can cause the overproduction of a hormone called thyrotropin, which signals the thyroid to produce an excessive amount of hormones. This can cause a condition known as hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, rapid heart rate, and weight loss.
In both cases, the diagnosis of a pituitary tumor can be made through a physical exam, imaging tests, blood tests, and a biopsy. Treatment options for a pituitary tumor depend on the size and type of the tumor, but can involve medications, radiation therapy, and/or surgery. Once the tumor is treated, thyroid hormone levels should return to normal.