Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder that typically affects people over the age of 65. It is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of all cases. While there is no single cause of Alzheimer's, age is a major risk factor.
Risk Factors for Developing Alzheimer's
The risk of developing Alzheimer's increases with age. Studies have shown that the risk of developing Alzheimer's doubles every five years after the age of 65. By the age of 85, the risk of developing Alzheimer's is nearly one in two.
In addition to age, genetics can play a role in developing Alzheimer's. People with a family history of the disease are more likely to develop it than those without a family history. Other risk factors include lifestyle, diet, and medical conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
Early Onset Alzheimer's
While Alzheimer's is typically seen in older adults, there is a form of the disease known as early-onset Alzheimer's. This form of the disease affects people under the age of 65 and is rare, accounting for only 5% of all Alzheimer's cases. Early-onset Alzheimer's is usually caused by a gene mutation.
Signs and Symptoms of Alzheimer's
The signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's vary from person to person, but there are some common signs and symptoms that are seen in most cases. These include memory loss, difficulty completing familiar tasks, disorientation, mood swings, and difficulty with language.
Diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease
The diagnosis of Alzheimer's is typically made based on a combination of medical history, physical exam, laboratory tests, and neurological tests. A neurological exam may include memory tests and mental status tests. Imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI may also be used to help diagnose the condition.
Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease
Currently, there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease. However, there are medications and other treatments available that can help slow the progression of the disease and improve quality of life. These treatments include medications to reduce symptoms, activities to stimulate the brain, and lifestyle changes to reduce stress.