Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an inherited disorder that affects the nervous system, brain, and adrenal glands. It typically affects boys and men, although it can affect people of all genders. ALD is usually diagnosed in childhood, but it can also be diagnosed later in life.
Diagnosis in Childhood
ALD can be diagnosed in childhood, typically between the ages of 4 and 10. The most common symptoms of ALD in children are delays in motor and cognitive development, such as difficulty walking, speaking, or understanding language. Other symptoms, such as seizures or vision problems, can also be present. A doctor may diagnose ALD in a child based on these symptoms and a family history of the condition.
Diagnosis in Adulthood
ALD can also be diagnosed in adulthood. Symptoms in adults may include muscle weakness, difficulty walking, and changes in behavior or personality. An adult may also have problems with vision, coordination, or memory. A doctor may diagnose ALD in an adult based on these symptoms and a family history of the condition.
Diagnostic Tests
If a doctor suspects that a person may have ALD, they may order a variety of tests to confirm the diagnosis. These tests may include blood tests, genetic tests, or imaging tests.
Blood tests can help diagnose ALD by measuring levels of a specific type of fatty acid in the blood. Genetic tests can identify any mutations in the ALD gene. Imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scans, can help doctors identify any changes in the brain or spinal cord that may be associated with ALD.
Conclusion
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an inherited disorder that affects the nervous system, brain, and adrenal glands. It can be diagnosed in both children and adults, typically between the ages of 4 and 10 or later in adulthood. Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and a family history of the condition, as well as a variety of tests, such as blood tests, genetic tests, or imaging tests.