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Yes, people with AIS (Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) do have higher levels of testosterone than those without the disorder. Testosterone is an androgen hormone which is responsible for male physical characteristics and sexual development. People with AIS have mutations in their androgen...

Managing arrhythmia on my own is a challenge, but I have found that it is possible to manage it with the right tools. First, I pay close attention to my diet and lifestyle. I limit my intake of processed foods and refined sugars, and I make sure to get plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole...

Aggressive periodontitis is a form of periodontal (gum) disease that is characterized by rapid and severe destruction of the gums and the underlying bone and fibers that support the teeth. It is caused by bacteria that are present in the mouth and that can cause an infection. The most common...

Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by a pattern of binge eating followed by compensatory behavior such as self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, or excessive exercise. It is estimated that between 0.5% and 1.5% of young women and 0.1% of young men suffer from bulimia, though prevalence...

Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common digestive disorder that causes acid or other stomach contents to back up into the esophagus. While it can be an uncomfortable and even painful experience, there are several steps you can take to reduce or eliminate...

Yes, an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) can cause stiff neck. An AVM is an abnormal connection between the arteries and veins that causes increased blood flow in a specific area of the body. The increased blood flow can cause swelling in the area, which can lead to a stiff neck. In addition to...

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the four most common air pollutants are particulate matter (PM), ground-level ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Particulate matter (PM) consists of tiny particles or liquid droplets suspended in the air, including...

Dear Newly Diagnosed Diabetic, I am so sorry to hear that you have been diagnosed with diabetes. Having a chronic illness can be a scary and overwhelming experience, but it is important to remember that you are not alone. The first step is to arm yourself with knowledge. Educate yourself on...

Africa is tackling youth unemployment and skills development through a number of measures. Firstly, governments across the continent are investing in education and training programs that can provide the necessary skills for young people to pursue employment opportunities. This includes the...

Acromegaly is a disorder caused by excessive production of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary gland, most commonly in adults. The symptoms of acromegaly can start at any age, but typically become noticeable in late adulthood. In children, acromegaly is often caused by an abnormally large...

No, not all diseases are caused by stress. While stress can be a contributing factor to certain illnesses, it is not responsible for the vast majority of diseases. Stress can worsen existing health conditions and can lead to the development of new health problems, but it is not the primary cause...

Yes, a child can get acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). ALL is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It is the most common type of cancer among children and teens, accounting for 25% of all childhood cancers. The exact causes of ALL are unknown, but certain factors increase...

Natural killer (NK) T-cell lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that affects the immune system. It is a type of cancer that affects a specific kind of immune cell, called a T-cell. These cells are part of the body’s natural defense against infections, viruses, and other foreign...

The Americas face many challenges in achieving social equality, ranging from historical and systemic injustices to persistent economic and structural disparities. The legacy of colonialism and slavery has left deep scars on the region, and centuries of institutional racism, sexism, and other...

Building a strong online presence can be an intimidating task for businesses, but it is essential in today's digital age. In order to stand out in the digital landscape, businesses must create compelling content, engage with their audience, and optimize their online presence for maximum...

Anginal pain is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. It is usually described as a squeezing, burning, or aching sensation in the chest, but can also feel like pressure or fullness. Anginal pain is a common symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD), a condition in...

A vaccine is an agent or preparation that is used to induce immunity to a particular disease. It is usually made of either a weakened or killed form of the infectious agent (e.g., virus, bacteria, fungi, parasites) or its toxins, or of a laboratory-made version of the infectious agent’s surface...

Aplastic anemia is a rare disorder in which the bone marrow fails to produce enough new blood cells. This can lead to a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the body. As a result, the body becomes more vulnerable to infections and bleeding...

Anthrax is a rare but serious infection caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. It is most commonly found in farm animals such as sheep, goats, and cattle, but can also be found in humans. Fortunately, it is extremely rare in humans, with fewer than 200 cases reported worldwide each year...

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer that affects the white blood cells. It is the most common type of cancer in children, and it is estimated that about 3,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with ALL each year. The age group most affected by acute lymphoblastic...