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Rare Causes of ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects up to 11% of children. It is characterised by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that can significantly interfere with a child's ability to function in...

Symptoms of Cholangiocarcinoma End Stage Cholangiocarcinoma is a type of cancer that affects the bile ducts, which are the structures that connect the liver and the small intestine. This type of cancer is often difficult to detect in its early stages, and can become advanced and hard to treat...

Symptoms of Intestinal Worms Intestinal worms, also known as helminths, are parasites that live in the intestines and can cause a variety of symptoms. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Other symptoms may include weight loss, nausea...

Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that can grow and spread quickly. It is important to identify and treat it as soon as possible to help prevent the cancer from spreading. What is Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a type of skin cancer that can occur in...

A frozen shoulder is a condition that causes pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. This can make it difficult to do everyday activities that involve the shoulder, such as reaching, lifting, and carrying. Movement restrictions in a frozen shoulder may include: Range of Motion Restrictions A...

1. Infectious Agent: The infectious agent is the bacteria, virus, parasite, or fungi that causes the infection. It can be spread directly from person to person, or indirectly through an environmental source such as contaminated food or water. 2. Source of Infection: The source of infection is...

Aplastic anemia is a condition in which the body does not produce enough new blood cells. It is a rare and serious condition that can cause severe health complications. Long-term side effects of aplastic anemia can include increased susceptibility to infection, fatigue, and an increased risk of...

Problem drinkers are individuals who have difficulty controlling their drinking habits. They may drink more than they intended to, or more frequently than they planned. Problem drinkers may also struggle to limit their drinking to certain occasions or times of day. Symptoms of Problem Drinking...

1. Hand Hygiene Hand hygiene is one of the most important principles of infection control. It involves frequent and thorough washing of hands with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. It is essential to follow hand hygiene protocols before and after any patient contact, when...

Introduction Physiotherapy is an important part of rehabilitation, helping those with physical injuries or medical conditions to regain full movement and function. The role of a physiotherapist is to assess, diagnose, and treat a variety of conditions. Physiotherapists use a range of...

Mouth ulcers, also known as canker sores, are a common and painful condition that can affect anyone. They are usually small and round with a white or yellow center and a red border and can occur inside the mouth or on the tongue. While the exact cause of mouth ulcers is unknown, they can be...

Vitamin Deficiency and Dry Skin It is possible for a vitamin deficiency to cause dry skin. Vitamin A, B2, B3, and C deficiencies can all contribute to dry skin. Vitamin A is important for the health of the skin and helps the body to produce sebum, an oily substance that helps to keep the skin...

Actinomycetes are a group of bacteria that are found in soil, water, and air. They are Gram-positive, rod-shaped organisms that have high oxygen requirements and produce spores. They are often classified as fungi due to their filamentous growth and spore formation. Actinomycetes are important in...

Overview Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, and can spread from person to person. The management of infectious diseases includes early diagnosis and treatment of the disease, as well as measures to control its spread. Diagnosis...

Ankylosis is a condition where two bones join together and no longer move independently. It can be caused by a variety of factors, such as arthritis, trauma, or congenital deformities. Symptoms of ankylosis may include pain, stiffness, swelling, and difficulty moving the joint. Symptoms of...

Signs and Symptoms of Body Lice and Parasites Body lice are tiny insects that live in and on clothing and bedding, and feed on human blood. They can cause itching and discomfort, and can also spread diseases such as typhus and relapsing fever. Parasites are organisms that live on or inside...

Adenoviruses are a large family of viruses that cause a wide range of illnesses in humans, ranging from mild respiratory infections to more severe and even life-threatening diseases. These viruses have different life cycles, and each one has its own set of phases. Understanding the different...

Sleeping Positions When it comes to sleeping with spondylitis, it's important to find a position that’s comfortable and supportive. The best sleeping position for people with spondylitis is on their back with a pillow under their knees to keep the spine in a neutral position. This position...

Allergens Asthma is an inflammatory condition of the airways caused by allergens, which are substances that trigger an allergic reaction. Common allergens that can trigger asthma include dust, pollen, pet dander, mold, and smoke. Irritants Irritants are substances that can cause inflammation...

ALS, also known as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or Lou Gehrig's Disease, is a progressive neurological condition that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It gradually weakens and eventually destroys the muscles in the body, leading to paralysis and death. While there is no cure...