Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by fear of public or open spaces, large crowds, or situations that might cause someone to feel trapped or embarrassed. Agoraphobics may experience panic attacks, which can include trembling, dizziness, shortness of breath, nausea, chest pain, and a feeling of impending doom.
What Causes Agoraphobia?
Agoraphobia usually begins in childhood or adolescence, often after a traumatic event such as a death or traumatic experience in public. It can also be a reaction to a stressful life event, such as a divorce or job loss. Some people with agoraphobia may have had an episode of panic disorder, which can increase the likelihood of developing agoraphobia.
What Are the Symptoms of Agoraphobia?
Agoraphobics may avoid public places, such as malls, stores, or movies, as well as crowded places, such as buses, trains, or elevators. They may also avoid situations that involve leaving home alone, such as going to the doctor or dentist. Agoraphobics may also experience intense anxiety, fear, and panic when in public places.
How Is Agoraphobia Treated?
Treatment for agoraphobia typically involves a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and medication. CBT helps people identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to their agoraphobia. Medication may be prescribed to help reduce anxiety and panic attacks. In some cases, exposure therapy may be used to help the person gradually become accustomed to the situations and places they fear.
